These problems need to be solved for the development of smart agriculture in China
Date: 2024-11-19 10:56:22

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In the Central Document No. 1 of 2024, the focus is on the topic of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", and the two major principles of strengthening agricultural science and technology support and strengthening agricultural infrastructure construction are emphasized again. Agricultural modernization, technology and intelligence have become the consensus of China's agricultural development, but there are still many challenges in how to implement them. Recently, Wang Yang, a professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of Information and Electrical Engineering of China Agricultural University, wrote an article and put forward his suggestions for the development of smart agriculture in China. The following is the original text of the article:

Agriculture is the foundation of a country and the basis of a strong country. In recent years, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has actively promoted smart agriculture and rural digital construction, and jointly promoted the development of the entire agricultural industry chain. Smart agriculture mainly takes information and knowledge as the core elements. By integrating modern information technology (Internet, Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence and intelligent equipment) with agriculture, it realizes a new agricultural production method of information perception, quantitative decision-making, intelligent control, precise investment and personalized services in the whole process of traditional agricultural production. It is an advanced stage of agricultural informatization from digitalization to networking and then to intelligence. The development of smart agriculture in my country is a slow process, but it has been initially applied in many agricultural production scenarios and links, such as smart agricultural production technology and equipment, horticultural crop production, smart orchard production, smart breeding production, smart logistics of agricultural products, and information services based on big data.
1. Future development direction of smart agriculture and smart plant factories
In the future, as the core force driving the development of new agricultural productivity, smart agriculture will further improve agricultural production efficiency and quality, promote green environmental protection and sustainable development, and promote the pace of agricultural modernization.
First, with the advancement of Internet of Things technology, core technical equipment such as high-precision special agricultural sensors, intelligent measurement and control terminals, and high-end intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment will accelerate the process of domestic substitution, realize the immediacy of information perception, the comprehensiveness of data collection, the accuracy of analysis and processing, and the scientific nature of intelligent decision-making.
Second, break through the complex working condition perception, intelligent decision-making, task and path planning, multi-machine collaborative intelligent control, autonomous operation equipment and other technologies of agricultural unmanned autonomous systems, and build unmanned or less-manned smart farms (animal husbandry, fishery, forestry).
Third, focus on the intelligentization of agricultural supply chain, break through the deep perception of smart cold chain data, intelligent storage and transportation, and trusted blockchain technology, develop a series of smart supply chain systems, and help the development of agricultural digital economy.
Fourth, based on the construction of agricultural knowledge graphs, virtual reality, agricultural collaborative decision-making, digital twins, agricultural big data cloud services and other core key technologies, build an agricultural industry big data cloud platform to promote the deep integration of big data and agriculture.
2. Current problems and challenges facing the development of smart agriculture in my country
First, hardware and software technologies face many challenges. The application of smart agriculture and smart plant factories depends on advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence. At present, these technologies are still in the stage of continuous development, and there are challenges such as low technical maturity, security and reliability issues. Second, data security and intelligence need to be improved. How to avoid data security risks and privacy leaks after the technical problems are solved is the top priority. Do a good job in data management, privacy protection, quality control, analysis and processing of acquired data, and modeling applications. my country is currently lagging behind. Third, the implementation and promotion of the smart agriculture market is imperfect. Smart agriculture will greatly replace manpower. Although it saves labor costs, the investment in smart equipment and systems requires a lot of money. The promotion of any smart agricultural model is inseparable from its ability to bring better economic and ecological benefits. The application of smart agricultural technology requires the establishment of appropriate agricultural infrastructure and cooperation mechanisms to achieve market-oriented applications. Fourth, there is a lack of education and training in smart agriculture. The application of smart agriculture requires training and education to improve farmers' technical level and application capabilities.
3. Countermeasures and suggestions for the development of smart agriculture in my country
First, we must coordinate various government resources. Strengthen government support, break through key core technologies, and achieve self-reliance; implement a number of major smart agricultural projects around key areas and key industries, and summarize replicable and popularizable models and experiences. Second, we must formulate relevant subsidy policies. Give policy subsidies to the research and development and application entities of smart agricultural technology products, reduce taxes for enterprises with smart agriculture as their core business, and reduce Internet access and data transmission and communication costs in rural areas. Third, we must cultivate new professional farmers and build a talent team. Increasing the training of facility agriculture practitioners is an important way to improve the management level and technical application of facility agriculture. Fourth, we must optimize and upgrade smart agricultural technology equipment. Strengthen the research on automation and intelligent technology of plant factories and improve the level of intensive and refined management. Fifth, we must strengthen the construction of technical standards and data resource sharing. In particular, we should focus on strengthening the formulation of data standards, product standards, market access standards and other standards. In addition, government departments should open agricultural data within a certain range and establish a sharing mechanism.

Reposted to "Facility Agriculture Information Public Account"
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